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Implement Stack using a List.

Problem Statement: Implement stack with push, pop, peek, isEmpty, size methods using a List.

Test Cases

  1. Push

    • Push on empty stack.
    • Push on non-empty stack
  2. Pop

    • Pop on empty stack —> None.
    • Pop on non-empty stack. —> value
  3. Peek

    • Peek on empty stack —> None.
    • Peek on non empty stack. —> value
  4. isEmpty

    • isEmpty on empty stack —> True
    • isEmpty on non-empty stack —> False.
  5. Size

    • size on empty stack —> None.
    • size on non empty stack. —> value

Algorithm

  1. Push

    • Append new value to end of the list.
  2. Pop

    • If stack is empty,
    • return None
    • Else,
    • Pop element from the end of list.
    • return the element.
  3. Peek

    • If stack is empty,
    • return None
    • Else,
    • return the last element of the list.
  4. isEmpty

    • If stack is empty,
    • return True
    • Else,
    • return False
  5. Size

    • Return the length of the list.

Time and Space complexity

  1. Push

    • Time complexity: O(1)
    • Space complexity: O(1)
  2. Pop

    • Time complexity: O(1)
    • Space complexity: O(1)
  3. Peek

    • Time complexity: O(1)
    • Space complexity: O(1)
  4. isEmpty

    • Time complexity: O(1)
    • Space complexity: O(1)
  5. Size

    • Time complexity: O(1)
    • Space complexity: O(1)

Code

class Stack(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.items = []

    def isEmpty(self):
        return self.items == []

    def push(self, data):
        self.items.append(data)

    def pop(self):
        if self.isEmpty():
            return None
        return self.items.pop()

    def peek(self):
        if self.isEmpty():
            return None
        return self.items[-1]

    def size(self):
        return len(self.items)

Unit Test

import unittest
from stackLists import Stack


class TestStackLists(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_end_to_end(self):
        print('Test: Empty stack')
        stack = Stack()
        self.assertEqual(stack.peek(), None)
        self.assertEqual(stack.pop(), None)

        print('Test: One element')
        stack = Stack()
        stack.push(5)
        self.assertEqual(stack.size(), 1)
        self.assertEqual(stack.pop(), 5)
        self.assertEqual(stack.peek(), None)

        print('Test: More than one element')
        stack = Stack()
        stack.push(1)
        stack.push(2)
        stack.push(3)
        self.assertEqual(stack.size(), 3)
        self.assertEqual(stack.pop(), 3)
        self.assertEqual(stack.peek(), 2)
        self.assertEqual(stack.pop(), 2)
        self.assertEqual(stack.peek(), 1)
        self.assertEqual(stack.isEmpty(), False)
        self.assertEqual(stack.pop(), 1)
        self.assertEqual(stack.peek(), None)
        self.assertEqual(stack.isEmpty(), True)
        print('Success: test_end_to_end')


def main():
    test = TestStackLists()
    test.test_end_to_end()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Github repo

Happy Coding !!